The Conference of the Parties (COP) is a series of international meetings held under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). COP meetings serve as the primary decision-making and negotiating forums for addressing global climate change.

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One of the primary responsibilities of the COP involves the examination of the national communications and emission inventories that Parties have submitted. Utilizing this data, the COP evaluates the impact of the actions taken by Parties and assesses the progress made in pursuit of the Convention's ultimate goal. The COP convenes on an annual basis, unless there is a collective decision by the Parties to hold it otherwise. Typically, the COP sessions are hosted in Bonn, where the secretariat is headquartered, unless a Party offers to host the gathering. Similar to the rotation of the COP Presidency among the five recognized UN regions - Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, Central and Eastern Europe, and Western Europe and Others - there is a tendency for the COP's location to shift among these regional groups as well.